Okay, you need to step back and take a deep breath.
First off, is this your first project car? If it is, your goals are way too high. You will need a lot of money and/or a lot of friends and hook-ups to make this work.
Second, are you planning on doing the work on your own? This will be a big factor in determining your cost. Labor could easily be 2/3 of the total cost. And a 500 hp car for 10K is pretty low in my book. You can build and install the engine for that much, but the car will be slow as crap.
Third, is this your only car? If so, you are screwed right from the start. Expect the car to spend at least a month in the shop getting built, tuned, and all the kinks worked out. And then there is always the possibility of something going wrong after the car is done. **it happens, plan for it. Speaking of time, plan at least two months for all this to come together. Maybe three, depending on what else you are getting done. A good car takes time to work out, so be ready for it. And also be prepared to blow a motor or two, because with what you are asking, it will probably happen.
With all that said, you can crank that kind of number out of any engine, but it will take some work and planning. But numbers are not everything. Don't shoot for a horsepower number, that will just come back to bite you. You can make a 600 hp Accord and still lose to a Vette. Heck, that same car could easily lose to a stock Mustang. The reason being, Hondas tend to make lots of horsepower, but no torque. Torque will get you down the drag strip the fastest. Also, a well sorted chassis is going to be critical to making this car work at all. Anyway, if you want to beat a Corvette on the dragstrip, you need to beat it's 1/4 mile time, not its horsepower.
For power, you should be looking at PrimeTime's Accord. His is supercharged and runs nitrous, which will probably be what you need to hit the numbers you want. I don't know how much power his makes, but yours will need a forged bottom end, a good head, a big, efficient supercharger, and lots of fuel. How much boost you will need to run to make anywhere near the numbers you want is kind of relative, but I'm guessing over 15 psi. I'm fuzzy on superchargers, but it's going to be high. No matter what pressure you need, this engine is going to be extremely hard to maintain and won't be fun to drive on the street. And it will also drink gas like crazy.
Is your Accord an auto? Japanese autos are notoriously weak. Plan to have your transmission rebuilt to handle all the power. That's about 4 grand right there. Or swap to a stick. The 6-speed can handle 500 hp. Oh, a limited slip differential will be mandatory for this kind of power.
Once you have a motor ready to go, you will need to work out your chassis. At the minimum, you will need a rollbar, and strut and frame braces. The roll bar will have to be a weld-in (so plan on losing your back seats). Also, a racing harness (DOT or FIA approved) would be a good idea. Don't do a full roll cage unless you plan on keeping this car off the street. You will also want to strip some weight out of the car, and the quickest way would be to ditch the radio, A/C, and some sound deadening and some of the interior (or all if you please). You will probably want to do some other form of bracing, other than bolt-in stuff (my favorite is riveting the body seams, but welding is stronger).
Then you will need to work out the suspension. Coilovers, toe links, and A-arms will be needed. Also, buy a set of fat Mickey Thompson drag slicks for the front and some skinnies for the rear. Have them mounted to a set of drag wheels and swap wheels and tires when you hit the track. Anything short of a racing tire will spin off the line. And the suspension stuff will help you hook up. Also, some brake upgrades would be a good idea. A big brake kit will help you out there.
Realize that this is a big project. You are doubling the output of your engine, and the car was not designed for it. There's a lot of stuff to think about when you are doing something like that. Also, realize that this car will need constant maintainence, and won't be a very nice street car. But to be honest, if you want to beat a 'Vette, you should beat it at its own game. At the least, a RWD car. And Honda's offerings are pretty poor in that area. An American V8 would be your best bet, but my guess is that you want a Japanese car. That leaves a Z or a Supra.
There's only one link you need for this:
Hasport Performance, Inc.. Talk to them, they are the only guys I know of who are qualified enough to handle a Honda project like this. They are in Arizona and will help you through this. They are very good at supercharging and nitrousing Honda engines. And they can get that power to the ground. I hope you know what you are getting into. And good luck.